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中国沙漠 ›› 2023, Vol. 43 ›› Issue (2): 184-194.DOI: 10.7522/j.issn.1000-694X.2022.00082

• • 上一篇    

荒漠土壤氧化亚氮排放及其驱动因素研究进展

辛春明1,2(), 何明珠1(), 李承义1,2, 张力斌1,2, 李新荣1   

  1. 1.中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 沙坡头沙漠研究试验站,甘肃 兰州 730000
    2.中国科学院大学,北京 100049
  • 收稿日期:2022-06-02 修回日期:2022-07-19 出版日期:2023-03-20 发布日期:2023-04-12
  • 通讯作者: 何明珠
  • 作者简介:何明珠(E-mail: hmzecology@lzb.ac.cn
    辛春明(1993—),男,河北广宗人,博士研究生,主要从事土壤氧化亚氮排放研究。E-mail: xin_chunming@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(XDA2003010301);国家自然科学基金项目(41671103);宁夏回族自治区交通厅项目(WMKY1)

A review of research progress on nitrous oxide emissions from desert soil and its driving factors

Chunming Xin1,2(), Mingzhu He1(), Chengyi Li1,2, Libin Zhang1,2, Xinrong Li1   

  1. 1.Shapotou Desert Research and Experiment Station,Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou 730000,China
    2.University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China
  • Received:2022-06-02 Revised:2022-07-19 Online:2023-03-20 Published:2023-04-12
  • Contact: Mingzhu He

摘要:

氧化亚氮(N2O)具有寿命长、增温潜势高且对臭氧层破坏性大等特点,陆地生态系统是其产生的主要来源。温度升高、降水变化以及由此引起的土壤中多种生物过程的改变,会促进或抑制N2O排放,进而对环境产生深远影响。基于此,本文回顾和总结了有关国内外荒漠区土壤N2O排放的研究进展,分析了荒漠土壤N2O的产生-排放过程及排放通量,并详细综述了环境因子、土壤生物和非生物因素对荒漠土壤N2O排放的影响机制。结果表明:荒漠土壤N2O排放由硝化作用和反硝化作用主导,且具有明显的季节特征,具体表现为生长季排放量高,非生长季排放量低甚至为负。在总结已有研究的基础上,展望了荒漠区土壤N2O排放的研究方向及亟待解决的问题:(1)基于同位素示踪技术及分子生物学技术探究微生物及相关功能基因对荒漠土壤N2O产生和消耗的影响;(2)探究不同时间尺度(日、月、季节以及年际)多因素交互作用下荒漠土壤N2O排放规律;(3)完善荒漠生态系统N2O排放模型,并评估其对环境变化的影响。

关键词: 荒漠生态系统, 气候变化, 硝化/反硝化作用, 排放通量, 功能基因

Abstract:

Nitrous oxide (N2O) has the characteristics of long lifespan, high warming potential and great damage to the ozone layer. Terrestrial ecosystem is the main source of N2O. Global climate change lead to the change of temperature, rainfall and biological process in desert ecosystem, which will promote or inhibit N2O emissions and further influence of the environment. Therefore, this paper summarized the latest domestic and foreign researches on soil N2O emission in desert regions. We analyzed the production process and emission flux of N2O in desert soil, and further reviewed the effect of environmental factors and soil biological and abiotic factors on desert soil N2O emission. The soil N2O emission in desert ecosystems, dominated by nitrification and denitrification, has seasonal characteristics (high emissions in growing season and low emissions or absorb N2O in non-growing season). On the basis of the previous researches, some topics that need to be solved urgently in the research field about soil N2O emission are prospected at the end of this paper. The ideas and pathways solve these problems as follows: firstly, isotope tracer method and molecular biological technique should be used to explore the effects of soil micro-organisms and its related functional genes on N2O emissions and consumption in arid and semi-arid regions; secondly, investigate the patterns of N2O emissions in desert soils under the interaction of multiple factors at different time scales (daily, monthly, seasonal and interannual); thirdly, refine the N2O emission models in desert ecosystems and assess the impact of N2O emission on environmental change.

Key words: desert ecosystems, climate change, nitrification/denitrification, emission flux, functional genes

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